Rib fractureThe curved design of the ribs makes them resistant to fractures. Costochondral separation – the rib is torn loose from the costal cartilage and is detached from the sternum.Sports that commonly cause this type of injury include golf and tennis. These muscles can be strained by any activity that involves extreme or forceful twisting of the body or swinging of the arms. Intercostal strains – intercostal muscles allow the ribcage to move up and down.Bruising of the chest wall is a common rib trauma. Bruising – the blood vessels rupture and leak blood into the surrounding tissues.Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue of the ribcage includes the intercostal muscles and the costal cartilage. Assault – for example, getting hit by a baseball bat.Falling from a reasonable height – for example, off a roof or ladder.
Sports-related injuries – for example, a heavy tackle.Crush injuries – for example, a heavy object landing directly on the chest.Motor vehicle accidents – for example, slamming the chest against the steering wheel.Situations that could cause blunt injuries to the ribcage include: Crunching or grinding sounds (crepitus) when the injury site is touched or movedīlunt force is the common cause of injuryRib injuries typically occur when the chest is directly hit.Pain when the ribcage flexes – with movement, with a deep breath or when you cough, sneeze or laugh.Symptoms of rib injuriesThe symptoms of rib injuries depend on the type and severity of the injury, but can include: These muscles allow the ribcage to expand when you breathe in and to drop when you breathe out. The ribcage is supported by ligaments and muscles, including the muscles between the ribs (intercostal muscles). The remaining two pairs aren’t attached at the front of the body at all and are known as ‘floating ribs’. Instead, costal cartilage attaches these ‘false ribs’ to the last pair of true ribs. The next three pairs of ribs aren’t connected to the sternum. At the front of the body, the first seven pairs of ribs are attached directly to the sternum (breastbone) by cartilage known as costal cartilage. Each pair is attached to a vertebra in the spine. Structure of the ribsThe ribcage consists of 24 curved ribs arranged in 12 pairs.
Treatment aims to relieve pain while the injury heals. Chest trauma may also cause life-threatening injuries such as a punctured lung or a ruptured aorta.Ĭommon causes of rib injury include motor vehicle accidents and falls. Rib injuries include bruises, torn cartilage and bone fractures. The ribcage supports the upper body, protects internal organs, including the heart and lungs, and assists with breathing.
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